Description

Plaster, Alginate & Elastomer – Key Dental Impression Materials

In dentistry, plaster, alginate, and elastomers are the most widely used materials for making dental impressions. Each material has its own strengths, making it suitable for different treatments in prosthodontics, orthodontics, and restorative dentistry.

Plaster (Dental Stone / Gypsum)

• Made from gypsum mixed with water

• Creates strong and accurate dental models and casts

• Sets quickly, capturing fine details of teeth and gums

• Commonly used for:

  • Crowns and bridges

  • Dentures

  • Orthodontic appliances

  • Study models

👉 Best for: durable, precise dental models.

Alginate

• Derived from seaweed extract

• Supplied as a powder, mixed with water into a smooth paste

• Easy to use, affordable, and provides good surface detail

• Commonly used for:

  • Preliminary impressions

  • Diagnostic casts

  • Orthodontic study models

  • Initial denture impressions

⚠️ Note: alginate impressions are not stable for long-term storage.

👉 Best for: quick, cost-effective preliminary impressions.

Elastomer Impression Materials (Silicone / PVS)

• Synthetic, rubber-like materials

• Available in various viscosities for different procedures

• Provide exceptional accuracy, flexibility, and dimensional stability

• Commonly used for:

  • Final impressions in prosthodontics

  • Implant dentistry

  • Crown and bridge work

👉 Best for: highly precise, long-lasting impressions.

Summary

• Plaster → accurate and strong models

• Alginate → quick and economical preliminary impressions

• Elastomers → precision and stability for final restorations

By selecting the right material, dental professionals achieve better accuracy, improved patient comfort, and long-lasting results.

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